In order to prevent files from getting too big and
make it easier to implement retention policies, we
are splitting all files into chunks. Each chunk
contains the data for a time interval (1 month per
default).
This first changeset introduces the ClusteredPersistentMap
that implements this for PersistentMap. It is used
for a couple (not all) of indices.
We are now reading the CSV input without transforming
the data into strings. This reduces the amount of bytes
that have to be converted and copied.
We also made Tag smaller. It no longer stores pointers
to strings, instead it stored integers obtained by
compressing the strings (see StringCompressor). This
reduces memory usage and it speeds up hashcode and
equals, which speeds up access to the writer cache.
Performance gain is almost 100%:
- 330k entries/s -> 670k entries/s, top speed measured over a second
- 62s -> 32s, to ingest 16 million entries
Compared to FastISODateParser.parse, which returns an
OffsetDateTime object, parseAsEpochMilli returns the
epoch time millis. The performance improvement for
date parsing alone is roughly 100% (8m dates/s to
18m dates/s).
Insertion speed improved from 13-14s for 1.6m entries
to 11.5-12.5s.
A specialized date parser that can only handle ISO-8601 like dates
(2011-12-03T10:15:30.123Z or 2011-12-03T10:15:30+01:00) but does this
roughly 10 times faster than DateTimeFormatter and 5 times
faster than the FastDateParser of commons-lang3.
- PdbFiles no longer require dates to be monotonically
increasing. Therefore TagsToFile does not have to ensure
this. => We only have one file per Tags.
- Use EhCache instead of HashMap.
- The DiskStorage uses only one file instead of millions.
Also the block size is only 512 byte instead of 4kb, which
helps to reduce the memory usage for short sequences.
- Update primitiveCollections to get the new LongList.range
and LongList.rangeClosed methods.
- BSFile now stores Time&Value sequences and knows how to
encode the time values with delta encoding.
- Doc had to do some magic tricks to save memory. The path
was initialized lazy and stored as byte array. This is no
longer necessary. The patch was replaced by the
rootBlockNumber of the BSFile.
- Had to temporarily disable the 'in' queries.
- The stored values are now processed as stream of LongLists
instead of Entry. The overhead for creating Entries is
gone, so is the memory overhead, because Entry was an
object and had a reference to the tags, which is
unnecessary.
- split the 'sortby' select field into two fields
- sort by average
- legend shows plotted and total values in the date range
- removed InlineDataSeries, because it was not used anymore
LuDB has a few disadvantages.
1. Most notably disk space. H2 wastes a lot of valuable disk space.
For my test data set with 44 million entries it is 14 MB
(sometimes a lot more; depends on H2 internal cleanup). With
data-store it is 15 KB.
Overall I could reduce the disk space from 231 MB to 200 MB (13.4 %
in this example). That is an average of 4.6 bytes per entry.
2. Speed:
a) Liquibase is slow. The first time it takes approx. three seconds
b) Query and insertion. with data-store we can insert entries
up to 1.6 times faster.
Data-store uses a few tricks to save disk space:
1. We encode the tags into the file names.
2. To keep them short we translate the key/value of the tag into
shorter numbers. For example "foo" -> 12 and "bar" to 47. So the
tag "foo"/"bar" would be 12/47.
We then translate this number into a numeral system of base 62
(a-zA-Z0-9), so it can be used for file names and it is shorter.
That way we only have to store the mapping of string to int.
3. We do that in a simple tab separated file.
